Back to School: Education Cyber Security

K-12 school systems, colleges, and universities are being increasingly targeted by hackers, yet education cyber security is as woefully lacking as other industries, as these recent incidents illustrate:

• In November 2016, Columbia County School District in Georgia admitted to a breach of personal information belonging to its employees and their spouses, dependents and insurance beneficiaries, including their names, birth dates, and Social Security information.
• On New Year’s Eve, Los Angeles Valley College was hit by a ransomware attack that brought the school to its knees. In an echo of last year’s Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center attack, the college finally paid a ransom of over $28,000 in Bitcoin to regain access to its systems.
• In early January, Northside Independent School District, the largest school system in San Antonio, disclosed that it had fallen victim to a data breach last August that exposed the personal data of over 23,000 current and former students and employees.
• Elsewhere in Texas, the Argyle Independent School District fell victim to a spear phishing scheme that resulted in all of its employees’ W2 data being released to hackers.
• In Minnesota, South Washington County Schools was hacked by one of its own students, compromising the personal data of over 3,200 employees.

Education Cyber Security Threats are Many and Varied

As the above incidents illustrate, K-12 schools and higher education institutions face threats on multiple fronts. Like healthcare facilities, school networks are a hacker’s treasure trove of identifying information on staff members, students, and students’ families, including names, birth dates, addresses, Social Security numbers, even medical information. Additionally, school networks are often connected to each other and to government agencies for information-sharing purposes, which means that in addition to data breaches, ransomware attacks, and other direct abuse, cyber criminals may infiltrate a school’s network for purposes of using it as a back door into another organization.

Further complicating education cyber security is the fact that K-12 schools, by their very nature, have a user base that includes minor children as well as adults. Not only are minor students potentially more vulnerable to social engineering schemes, they may also pose cyber threats themselves, as in the South Washington County Schools case. Students may also hack a school’s network to alter grades, cause general disruption, or even just to see if they can do it.

Third-party software applications also pose threats to education cyber security. Cash-strapped schools, under pressure from students and parents for more e-learning capabilities, often turn to free applications released by third parties. However, nothing is truly “free”; software developers must monetize their applications in some manner, and this could involve collecting personal data from teachers and students and selling it to other companies. Third-party developers may also practice poor data security. An independent audit of 1,200 education software applications by the nonprofit group Common Sense Education found that nearly half did not automatically encrypt students’ data.

How Schools Can Protect Themselves

Just as in every other industry, an education cyber security strategy must be proactive, not reactive. Teachers, other school staff, and students must all be trained on cyber security best practices, and schools must employ the same data security protection as organizations in other industries; for example, strong passwords that are changed regularly, two-factor authentication, and ensuring that software is kept up-to-date.

For generations, schools have taught students about “stranger danger” and how to stay safe in the real world; they should likewise be taught how to protect themselves from identity theft and other online crimes. Schools should also have specific policies regarding the use of third-party educational software in the classroom, and any software a teacher would like to use should be evaluated for data security before it is installed.

The cyber security experts at Lazarus Alliance have deep knowledge of the cyber security field, are continually monitoring the latest information security threats, and are committed to protecting organizations of all sizes from security breaches. We offer full-service risk assessment services and Continuum GRC software to protect companies from data breaches, ransomware attacks, and other cyber threats.

Lazarus Alliance is proactive cyber security®. Call 1-888-896-7580 to discuss your organization’s cyber security needs and find out how we can help your organization secure your systems.

For Years, Yahoo Put Usability Ahead of Cyber Security

The massive Yahoo data breach, which compromised 500 million user accounts and has put its planned acquisition by Verizon at risk, happened because the company repeatedly put product user experience ahead of security, the New York Times reports:

Six years ago, Yahoo’s computer systems and customer email accounts were penetrated by Chinese military hackers. Google and a number of other technology companies were also hit.

The Google co-founder Sergey Brin regarded the attack on his company’s systems as a personal affront and responded by making security a top corporate priority. Google hired hundreds of security engineers with six-figure signing bonuses, invested hundreds of millions of dollars in security infrastructure and adopted a new internal motto, “Never again,” to signal that it would never again allow anyone — be they spies or criminals — to hack into Google customers’ accounts.

Yahoo, on the other hand, was slower to invest in the kinds of defenses necessary to thwart sophisticated hackers that are now considered standard in Silicon Valley, according to half a dozen current and former company employees who participated in security discussions but agreed to describe them only on the condition of anonymity.

The Times goes on to describe how CEO Marissa Mayer, after having taken over the troubled search engine in 2012, decided to focus Yahoo’s efforts on developing new products and creating better user experiences for existing products such as Yahoo Mail. Even though Mayer was aware of multiple information security issues, those took a back seat. Yahoo’s internal security staff, including former CISO Alex Stamos, warned Mayer about security vulnerabilities but found their efforts stymied due to “concerns that the inconvenience of added protection would make people stop using the company’s products.” Mayer cut the team’s budget and refused to approve the proactive cyber security initiatives Stamos pushed for, including end-to-end encryption, intrusion-detection mechanisms, and automatic resets of passwords on accounts that had been compromised. Even now, Mayer is still declining automatic password resets for the accounts compromised during this most recent breach – again, all in the name of not inconveniencing users.

Cyber Security vs. the User Experience

It’s common for tech companies to worry about how information security measures will affect the user experience. Often, developers must sacrifice speed and ease of use for a more secure product, and, while the majority of Americans claim to be highly concerned about data breaches, fickle customers may resist or become frustrated over security measures. A recent study found that one-third of Americans engage in risky behaviors to remember online passwords, and an ethnographic study of healthcare workers found widespread, flagrant disregard of cyber security practices in hospital settings.

While these are valid concerns, the answer is not to simply release unsecured products and hope for the best, as Yahoo apparently did. The burden of protecting customer data does not lie solely on software developers and data storage companies, and it cannot. The overwhelming majority of data breaches occur not as the result of external hacking but because hackers obtain legitimate login credentials, usually through social engineering schemes such as phishing. Manufacturers must build proactive security measures, such as multi-factor authentication, into their products, and get their customers accustomed to using them, even if the features are inconvenient or frustrating. The cost of a data breach is much higher than the cost of customer frustration, to both the breached company and the compromised customers.

The cyber security experts at Lazarus Alliance have deep knowledge of the cyber security field, are continually monitoring the latest information security threats, and are committed to protecting organizations of all sizes from security breaches. We offer full-service risk assessment services and Continuum GRC software to protect companies from data breaches, ransomware attacks, and other cyber threats.

Lazarus Alliance is proactive cyber security®. Call 1-888-896-7580 to discuss your organization’s cyber security needs and find out how we can help your organization secure your systems.

TakeDownCon 2015 Keynote Address

The New Social Security: When Social Media Meets Social Engineering.

The convergence is upon us all; this influx of technology intermingled with information infused now in every possible facet of our business and personal lives. We live in the presence of infinite possibilities through technology. Business is being propelled into new trajectories never before possible. Out social spheres and human interpersonal interactions have all been augmented by the ever accelerating technological reality. While our brave new media world is evolving and pushing forward, there is a common denominator that is struggling to keep up. The singular chink in our armor; the weak link in our proverbial chain is much to our collective chagrin is the Human Element.

This reality is not slowing down. On the contrary, it’s moving exponentially faster. Our challenge as business leaders and individuals; as humans in general, is to intelligently manage this paradigm shift as our technological singularity enters its event horizon.

Here at TakedownCon, together we will explore a particular facet of our technological present, specifically our social sphere, and how as technology leaders we can work toward intelligent management. Our business success and our personal preservation depend on it.

We are honored that our CEO Michael Peters was invited to EC Counsel’s TakeDownCon as keynote speaker for the 2015 event. This year’s theme is “Building the Cyber Briefcase: From Binary to the Boardroom”. Discussions will cover the various tools, skills, and experience a CISO needs to build and run a successful information security program.

TakeDownCon brings together information security researchers and technical experts from corporate to underground industries, to a unique “Ethical Hacking” conference. In two days, they will present and debate the latest security threats, disclose current vulnerabilities, and share information crucial to the technical profession.

Say hello to Michael Peters, William Ochs and Jessica Parra-Johnson from Lazarus Alliance if you are attending!